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South Oran and Figuig Berber
South Oran Berber or Figuig Berber (Figig) is a cluster of Zenati Berber dialects〔This language has no established name in English; in French literature it is referred to as ''Kçours du Sud-Oranais'' or ''parlers des Kçours Oranais et de Figuig'', and its speakers mostly call it by the vague term ''Shelha'' or ''Tashelhiyt''.〕 spoken in a number of oases of southwestern Algeria and across the border in Morocco. These include most of the ksour between Mecheria and Béni Abbès: Tiout, Ain Sfisifa, Boussemghoun, Moghrar, Chellala, Asla, Fendi, Mougheul, Lahmar, Boukais, Sfissifa, Ouakda, Barrbi near Taghit, Igli, and Mazzer in Algeria, and Iche, Ain Chair and the seven ksour of Figuig (Ait Wadday, Ait Amar, Ait Lamiz, Ait Sliman, Ait Anaj, Ait Addi and Iznayen)〔 in Morocco.〔André Basset, La langue berbère dans les territoires du sud, ''Revue Africaine'' vol. 85, 1941, pp. 62-71〕 Of these towns, the only one whose dialect has been studied in any detail is Figuig (Kossmann 1997).〔Maarten Kossmann, ''Grammaire du parler berbère de Figuig: Maroc oriental'', Peeters 1997 ()〕 A cursory study of the northern dialects, including texts and vocabulary, is Basset (1885),〔René Basset : "Notes de lexicographie berbère 3e série : dialecte des k'çours oranais et de Figuig" in Journal Asiatique 1885 t. II pp. 302-371〕 while a sketch grammar of its southernmost member, Igli, is provided by Kossmann (2010).〔Maarten Kossmann, "Grammatical notes on the Berber dialect of Igli (Sud oranais, Algeria)", in ed. D. Ibriszimow, M. Kossmann, H. Stroomer, R. Vossen, ''Études berbères V – Essais sur des variations dialectales et autres articles''. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe, 2010.〕
Like many other Berber varieties, these dialects use bipartite verbal negation. The preverbal negator is ''ul'' (locally ''un'', ''il''); the postverbal negator is ''ša'' (Igli, Mazzer) / ''šay'' (Figuig, Iche, Moghrar) / ''iš'' (Boussemghoun, Ain Chair), with both the latter two appearing as allomorphs in Tiout.〔Kossmann, ''op. cit.'':94〕 The numerals 1–2 are Berber, while higher numerals are Arabic borrowings throughout.〔Kossmann, ''op. cit.'':84〕
==References==
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